Translation of "one-product market " (English → French) :

(ii) competing undertakings on the relevant product market, being undertakings which, in the absence of the technology transfer agreement, are both active on the relevant product and geographic market(s) on which the contract products are sold without infringing each others' intellectual property rights (actual competitors on the product market) or would, on realistic grounds, undertake the necessary additional investments or other necessary switching costs so that they could timely enter, without infringing each others' intellectual property rights, the(se) relevant product ...[+++]and geographic market(s) in response to a small and permanent increase in relative prices (potential competitors on the product market); the relevant product market comprises products which are regarded by the buyers as interchangeable with or substitutable for the contract products, by reason of the products' characteristics, their prices and their intended use;

In essence, chain substitutability occurs where it can be demonstrated that although products A and C are not directly substitutable, product B is a substitute for both product A and product C and therefore products A and C may be in the same product market since their pricing might be constrained by the substitutability of product B. The same reasoning also applies for defining the geographic market.

(7) The area aid scheme for fruit and edible vegetables, roots and tubers, flowers and live plants has proved unsuitable, especially because of the slowness and complexity of procedures and the way the proposed aid was structured. Lessons should be learned from the encouraging results of the Poseidom reform in that sector, and marketing and processing aid should be envisaged with a view to supplying the market in Madeira and the Azores. Such aid should help local produce compete with products from elsewhere on high-growth markets, bet ...[+++]ter satisfy the requirements of consumers and new distribution channels, improve the productivity of farms and upgrade the quality of products. The marketing of these products, both fresh and processed, should be continued and they should be promoted on the Community market. An economic study of each region will help to refine the structure of the sector in these two regions.

(11) The area aid scheme for fruit and edible vegetables, roots and tubers, flowers and live plants has proved unsuitable, especially because of the slowness and complexity of procedures and the way the proposed aid was structured. Lessons should be learned from the encouraging results of the Poseidom reform in that sector, and marketing and processing aid should be envisaged with a view to supplying the market in the Canary Islands. Such aid must help local produce compete with products from elsewhere on high-growth markets, better s ...[+++]atisfy the requirements of consumers and new distribution channels, improve the productivity of farms and upgrade the quality of products. The marketing of these products, both fresh and processed, should be continued and they should be promoted on the Community market. An economic study will help to refine the structure of the sector.

(8) experience in the United States of America and Japan shows that the strongest incentive for industry to invest in the development and marketing of orphan medicinal products is where there is a prospect of obtaining market exclusivity for a certain number of years during which part of the investment might be recovered; data protection under Article 4(8)(a)(iii) of Council Directive 65/65/EEC of 26 January 1965 on the approximation of provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action relating to medicinal products(4) is not a sufficient ...[+++]incentive for that purpose; Member States acting independently cannot introduce such a measure without a Community dimension as such a provision would be contradictory to Directive 65/65/EEC; if such measures were adopted in an uncoordinated manner by the Member States, this would create obstacles to intra-Community trade, leading to distortions of competition and running counter to the single market; market exclusivity should however be limited to the therapeutic indication for which orphan medicinal product designation has been obtained, without prejudice to existing intellectual property rights; in the interest of patients, the market exclusivity granted to an orphan medicinal product should not prevent the marketing of a similar medicinal product which could be of significant benefit to those affected by the condition;

_ IN EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES THE COMMUNITY MAY , FOR THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION , BE DIVIDED INTO TWO OR MORE COMPETITIVE MARKETS AND THE PRODUCERS WITHIN EACH MARKET REGARDED AS A COMMUNITY INDUSTRY , IF , BECAUSE OF TRANSPORT COSTS , ALL THE PRODUCERS WITHIN SUCH A MARKET SELL ALL OR ALMOST ALL THEIR PRODUCTION OF THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION IN THAT MARKET AND NONE , OR ALMOST NONE , OF THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION PRODUCED ELSEWHERE IN THE COMMUNITY IS SOLD IN THAT MARKET OR IF THERE EXIST SPECIAL REGIONAL MARKETING CONDITIONS WHICH RESULT IN AN EQUAL DEGREE OF ISOLATION OF THE PRODUCERS IN SUCH A MARKET FROM THE REST OF THE INDUSTRY , PROVIDED , HOWEVER , THAT INJURY MAY BE FOUND IN SUCH CIRCUMSTANCES ONLY IF THERE IS INJURY TO ALL OR ALMOST ALL ...[+++]OF THE TOTAL PRODUCTION OF THE PRODUCT IN THE MARKET AS DEFINED .