Translation of "Courants vocaux " (French → English) :

voice amplifier

speech current

voice signal

Definition: A form of tic disorder in which there are, or have been, multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics, although these need not have occurred concurrently. The disorder usually worsens during adolescence and tends to persist into adult life. The vocal tics are often multiple with explosive repetitive vocalizations, throat-clearing, and grunting, and there may be the use of obscene words or phrases. Sometimes there is associated gestural echopraxia which may also be of an obscene nature (copropraxia).

Definition: Syndromes in which the predominant manifestation is some form of tic. A tic is an involuntary, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movement (usually involving circumscribed muscle groups) or vocal production that is of sudden onset and that serves no apparent purpose. Tics tend to be experienced as irresistible but usually they can be suppressed for varying periods of time, are exacerbated by stress, and disappear during sleep. Common simple motor tics include only eye-blinking, neck-jerking, shoulder- shrugging, and facial grimacing. Common simple vocal tics include throat-clearing, barking, sniffing, and hissing. Common com ...[+++]plex tics include hitting oneself, jumping, and hopping. Common complex vocal tics include the repetition of particular words, and sometimes the use of socially unacceptable (often obscene) words (coprolalia), and the repetition of one's own sounds or words (palilalia).

persistent motor or vocal tic disorder [ chronic motor or vocal tic disorder ]

non-speech mobile station

Definition: Meets the general criteria for a tic disorder, in which there are motor or vocal tics (but not both), that may be either single or multiple (but usually multiple), and last for more than a year.

Voice disorder due to iatrogenic factor

Table 1 Current provisions concerning use of cable TV networks for the provision of telecommunications services can be summarised as follows: Use of cable TV networks for liberalised services Belgium No Denmark No France Non-voice services only Germany No Greece ---------* Ireland No legal provision Italy ---------* Luxembourg No legal provision Netherlands Limited use Portugal No Spain No UK Yes Source: "L'impact de l'authorisation de la fourniture de services de télécommunications liberalisés par les câblo-opérateurs", IDATE, 1994, and additional analysis * No cable TV networks available Table 2 Minimum Capacity requirements (approximate) for services Speech: 64 kilo-bits/second ISDN: 140 kilo-bits/second Standard quality moving images: 2 ...[+++] mega-bits/second Enhanced quality moving images: 10 mega-bits/second Table 3 Technical limits on network infrastructure to the home i. Twisted Copper pairs: used by TOs to connect end users to the local switch: up to 257 kilo-bits/second: reliable service to all customers on local network the greater the capacity requirement above 257 mega-bits the greater the trade-offs of increased error rates, lack of reliability and limits on the distance which the end user can be from a central switch.