Traduction de «auto-estimation » (Français → Anglais) :

25. Considers that the independence of older people is essential for guaranteeing a high quality of life and that, therefore, more emphasis has to be laid on psycho-social factors and self-respect, with a view to overcoming the sense of loneliness and abandonment which leads many older people to lose motivation and therefore their independence; calls therefore on the Commission and Member States to identify ways of promoting greater mobility for older people, especially in rural areas and island regions; calls for the use of new technologies and a more suitable urban environment, which is geared to the needs of a society which will inc ...[+++]lude increasing numbers of older people;

11. Invites the institutions to examine whether their current insurance arrangements to cover the risk of terrorist attacks and industrial conflict are appropriate, as current policies offered by the insurance industry do not appear to be economically viable; reiterates its support for self-insurance in the current situation; takes the view that a mechanism to shield the Community budget may have to be established if the option of self-insurance is chosen in the long-term;

(8) Whereas the Commission has implemented a European programme on air quality, road traffic emissions, fuels and engines technologies (the Auto/Oil Programme) with a view to fulfilling the requirements of Article 4 of Directive 94/12/EC; whereas the Commission has implemented the APHEA Project which estimates the external costs of air pollution by motor vehicles at 0,4 % of EU GNP, and further assessments conclude that the external costs amount to 3 % of EU GNP, whereas the Commission has implemented the 'Car of Tomorrow` Action Plan which strives to contribute to the promotion of the 'Car of Tomorrow` which will be clean, safe, energy ...[+++] efficient and 'intelligent`; whereas this action plan enforces Community action promoting R D leading to clean cars and whereas neither the R D efforts undertaken in the framework of the 'Car of Tomorrow` Action Plan nor EU competitiveness in automobile R D should be jeopardised; whereas the European motor vehicle and oil industries have carried out the European Programme on Emissions, fuels and Engine Technologies (EPEFE) to determine the contribution which can be made both by future vehicles and the fuels which propel them; whereas the Auto/Oil and EPEFE programmes strive to ensure that proposals for Directives on polluting emissions seek the best solutions for both the citizen and for the economy; whereas the need for Community action for the forthcoming Steps 2000 and 2005 has become urgent; whereas it has become apparent that a further improvement of car emission technology is necessary with a view to achieving air quality in the year 2010 as described in the Commission communication on the Auto/Oil Programme;

On the other hand, the major problem of the self-assessment method consists of the largely subjective influence on the estimate. This leads to substantial uncertainties because of over- of underestimates (depending on the precise circumstances) and will increase the error margin of the GNP estimate in parallel with the growing importance of owner-occupied dwellings.

On the other hand, some countries use the self-assessment method for owner-occupied dwellings, asking owner-occupiers to estimate a potential rent for their property.

Given that the self-assessment method is largely subjective, it would seem reasonable from a statistical viewpoint to recommend the stratification method.