Translation of "recherche particulière " (French → English) :

individual research

Definition: This category differs from others in that it includes disorders identifiable on the basis of not only symptoms and course but also the existence of one or other of two causative influences: an exceptionally stressful life event producing an acute stress reaction, or a significant life change leading to continued unpleasant circumstances that result in an adjustment disorder. Although less severe psychosocial stress ( life events ) may precipitate the onset or contribute to the presentation of a very wide range of disorders classified elsewhere in this chapter, its etiological importance is not always clear and in each case will be found to depend on individual, often idiosyncratic, vulnerability, i.e. the life events are neither ...[+++] necessary nor sufficient to explain the occurrence and form of the disorder. In contrast, the disorders brought together here are thought to arise always as a direct consequence of acute severe stress or continued trauma. The stressful events or the continuing unpleasant circumstances are the primary and overriding causal factor and the disorder would not have occurred without their impact. The disorders in this section can thus be regarded as maladaptive responses to severe or continued stress, in that they interfere with successful coping mechanisms and therefore lead to problems of social functioning.

Supplementary General Conditions [ supplementary conditions | special conditions ]

EU research policy [ common research programme | Community research policy | European Union research policy | European research area(ECLAS) ]

a.c. contracted research | contract research | research under contract

Definition: These may take the form of ideas, mental images, or impulses to act, which are nearly always distressing to the subject. Sometimes the ideas are an indecisive, endless consideration of alternatives, associated with an inability to make trivial but necessary decisions in day-to-day living. The relationship between obsessional ruminations and depression is particularly close and a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder should be preferred only if ruminations arise or persist in the absence of a depressive episode.

Definition: The essential feature is recurrent attacks of severe anxiety (panic), which are not restricted to any particular situation or set of circumstances and are therefore unpredictable. As with other anxiety disorders, the dominant symptoms include sudden onset of palpitations, chest pain, choking sensations, dizziness, and feelings of unreality (depersonalization or derealization). There is often also a secondary fear of dying, losing control, or going mad. Panic disorder should not be given as the main diagnosis if the patient has a depressive disorder at the time the attacks start; in these circumstances the panic attacks are p ...[+++]robably secondary to depression. | Panic:attack | state

special competence | special skill

Specific Claims in Canada: status report [ Specific Claims in Canada ]

A Very Special Mandate: Shaping Canada's Capital: The Story of the National Capital Commission [ A Very Special Mandate ]

These could, for example, be chosen from among the following: the development of human resources for public and private research, more especially the degree of mobility at all levels and the conditions under which researchers from other European countries are able to stay; public investment in basic research; action by Member States to encourage private investment in research, in line with the Commission Communication "More research for Europe: Towards 3% of GDP"; [13] local clustering of research and development resources; government policies to promote scientific knowledge among the public and action to involve citizens in the disc ...[+++]ussion of research issues.

In administering the specific claims process, the responsibilities of the Specific Claims Branch include receiving specific claims from First Nations on behalf of the Government of Canada; conducting and confirming research into specific claims; requesting the Department of Justice to prepare lengthy legal opinions on specific claims; assisting the Department of Justice in assessing the validity of specific claims; negotiating the resolution of grievances of First Nations; participating in the Indian Specific Claims Commission inquiries and responding to its recommendations; assisting in implementing specific claims agreements and ...[+++]developing specific claims policies.

In engaging in the specific claims process, First Nations often lack the financial resources required to adequately research their claim and participate in the specific claims process; they often lack trained experts in the fields of research, legal analysis and negotiations, and must often contract researchers, lawyers and negotiators who are not from their community to assist in the advancement of their specific claim.

The activities developed under Horizon 2020 should promote equality between women and men in research and innovation, by addressing in particular the underlying causes of gender imbalance, by exploiting the full potential of both female and male researchers, and by integrating the gender dimension into the research and innovation content as well as by paying particular attention to ensuring gender balance, subject to the situation in the field of research and innovation concerned, in evaluation panels and in other relevant advisory and expert bodies in order to improve the qu ...[+++]ality of research and to stimulate innovation.