Translation of "Recours direct par les individus " (French → English) :

12. Notes that some Member States have provided that only certain regulatory bodies may enforce national rules adopted in implementation of the UCP Directive and have not made provision for a direct right of redress for consumers, who thus are not entitled to bring claims for damages resulting from unfair commercial practices; calls on Member States which have not already done so to consider the necessity of giving consumers a direct right of redress in order to ensure that they are sufficiently protected against unfair commercial practices;

the right of individuals to bring an action directly before the European courts remains very limited ,

the right of individuals to bring an action directly before the European courts remains very limited ,

- the right of individuals to bring an action directly before the European courts remains very limited,

The Court therefore stresses that, by virtue of the Treaty of Nice, the Court of First Instance is the court of general jurisdiction at first instance not only for actions brought by individuals and undertakings, but for all the direct actions referred to in Article 225(1) of the EC Treaty.

To begin our testimony today, from the Department of Finance we have David Murchison, Director, Financial Sector, and Rachel Grasham, Chief, Financial Sector Division; from FINTRAC we have Darlene Boileau, Deputy Director, Strategic Policy and Public Affairs; and from Canada Border Services Agency we have Colette Cibula, Director, Recourse Program Management, Recourse Directorate.