Traduction de «entre les voituriers en concurrence » (Français → Anglais) :

The main elements of the amendments were as follows: creating a more effective mechanism for the criminal prosecution of the most egregious forms of cartel agreements between or among competitors and introducing a non-criminal review process for other forms of competitor collaborations; allowing the Competition Tribunal to award administrative monetary penalties against companies that have abused a dominant position in the marketplace; introducing a two-stage merger review process to allow for a more efficient and effective review of proposed merger transactions; increasing penalties for deceptive marketing practices; expressly empowering the courts to award restitution to victims of false or misleading representations; and finally, re ...[+++]pealing criminal sanctions for certain pricing practices to ensure that creative pro-competitive initiatives are encouraged.

This means that exchanges of information may not only take place between an NCA and the Commission but also between and amongst NCAs.

In order to create a level playing field for agreements, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices within the internal market, it is also necessary to determine pursuant to Article 83(2)(e) of the Treaty the relationship between national laws and Community competition law.

Article 12 of the Regulation states that the exchange of information may take place not only between a national competition authority and the Commission but also between national competition authorities.

This activity would, as far as comparison is concerned, be permitted when the following conditions were met: - it is not misleading according to Directive 84/450/EEC; - it compares goods or services meeting the same needs or intended for the same purpose; - it objectively compares one or more material, relevant, verifiable and representative features of those goods and services, which may include price; - it does not create confusion in the market place between the advertiser and a competitor or between the adv ...[+++]ertiser's trade marks, trade names, other distinguishing marks, goods or services and those of a competitor; - it does not discredit or denigrate the trade marks, trade names, other distinguishing marks, goods, services or activities of a competitor; - for products with designation of origin, it relates in each case to products with the same designation (account should be taken here of the provisions resulting from Regulation No 2081/92 on the protection of geographical indications and designations of origin for agricultural products and foodstuffs, in particular Article 13 thereof, as well as the other Community provisions adopted in this connection in the agricultural sphere); - it does not take unfair advantage of the reputation of a trade mark, trade name or other distinguishing marks of a competitor or of the designation of origin of competing products.

First, the authors of the report analyze recent economic developments which make necessary improved cooperation between competition authorities; they thus considered that: - with the positive conclusion of the Uruguay Round leading to a progressive reduction of state-imposed trade barriers, the risk exists that these barriers will be replaced by other obstacles to international trade resulting from the behaviour of countries, e.g. setting up cartels, whose members divide world markets (in this way, each company assures the protection of its traditional national market), partitioning distribution networks of large, global companies along ...[+++] national borders, etc. Such behaviour, if widespread, would compromise the expected benefits of liberalized international trade in terms of growth and employment; - there is a growing contradiction between the increasing internationalization of economic activity and the limited territorial control exercised by national competition authorities (or by a "regional" authority such as the Commission).